In what follows, we focus exclusively on observed education when measuring mismatch, while realising that ability and experience can substitute for a lack of education.
Additional years of relevant work experience cannot substitute academic requirements.
Vergil understood that metaphors and metonyms and other literary devices help tell a good story — they enrich our sympathetic understanding of human experience without substituting for sound analysis.
Mr Gygax didn't like that either; he thought computer graphics cheapened the experience by substituting an artist's imagination for the player's.
If you have already been using a free e-mail program like Yahoo Mail or Google Gmail, you have some experience with substituting tools on the Web for programs residing on the hard drive of your computer.
It is usual to estimate values from the literature and employ experience in substituting these for the true values of the wall parameters in practice.
Publications on the use of such cadres in Africa were difficult to find, and papers on other subjects that partially documented experiences of substitute health workers (SHW) were used in the absence of comprehensive evaluations.
At the Edinburgh fringe this year, I saw the company's delicate, thoughtful show What I Heard About the World – a meditation on how the world is increasingly within our grasp, and yet all too frequently experienced via substitutes or simulcra.
Difficulty is experienced in substituting home manufactures for imports, partly because home markets are often too small to support the required industries and partly because the development of manufacturing itself requires extensive imports of machinery and structural materials.
But none of them is presented as a substitute experience.
