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Mismatchrepair genes can experience mutations that make the MSH2 gene itself a mutant and can lead to colorectal and other cancers with a strong resistance to chemotherapy, Scott said.
The normal structure and function of immunological genes will be distorted when they experience mutations leading to immunological dysfunctions.
In our experience, mutations in BRAF gene occur in 43% of primary melanomas and 48% of metastatic melanomas [ 4].
In our experience mutations that improve fluorescent brightness are much more readily identified than mutants that improve photostability.
They experience mutations in the copy number of their repeat units at a rate of 10−3 to 10−7 per cell division [ 1, 2].
Since all cell lines experience mutations, and because most mutations are detrimental, a clonal population with no HGT will deteriorate over the long term.
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However, the very modest effects that we observed from the three experiments suggest that any contribution of these residues to a binding site is minor at most, because in our experience, mutation of key ligand contact points results in a dramatic loss of activity (de Mendonça et al., 2005; Vaidehi et al., 2006; Wise et al., 2007; Hall et al., 2009; Nedjai et al., 2011).
The population is therefore usually clustered at a single genotype and rarely experiences mutations, meaning that selection does not distinguish between genotypes of different mutational robustness.
The At4g17000 gene has experienced mutations and small deletions, resulting in early stop codons.
Distributions of the numbers of experimentally characterized epitopes per residue for all sites or sites that experienced mutations along the evolutionary trajectory are in blue and red, respectively.
An alternative possibility is that relocalization of PP2A B ′ θ occurred in a common ancestor of all four Brassicaceae species mentioned above and then PP2A B ′ θ in Brassica and Eutrema experienced mutations that abolished peroxisomal localization.
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