The cost is defined as the instantaneous expense function of consumed energy.
Beauty, he told me, should never come at the expense of function — an idea that he sometimes has to drum into his young designers.
He sees himself as an artist, with the duty to follow the dictates of his genius, at the expense of function, context or logic in the face of the Philistine opposition of a soulless, venal world.
This will be brought about by the development of sales literature, advertising expenses, and function expenses (including lunches and dinners with interested stakeholders).
This review discusses evidence for an antiviral role of NK cells in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and then describes alterations of NK cell function in chronic HCV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection that are consistent with an increased regulatory role at the expense of antiviral function.
This possibly occurs through the accumulation of cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, or through increased allocation of resources to its repair [38], [39], [40] at the expense of other functions.
Thus, the metabolic cost of SDA, while consuming variable proportions of the aerobic budget among species, often comes at the expense of other functions such as locomotion [ 11, 12].
However, it is quite possible that the ability to regulate Tgfβ signaling evolved with or was stabilized in the ancestor of Dact2/4, at the expense of some functions in the Wnt signaling system.
Using the adjoint method, the gradient of the cost function can be computed fast, at the expense of few function evaluations, making the optimization process very efficient.
We therefore performed a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of this marketed food supplement, on the use of analgesics and NSAIDs on pain, stiffness and function scales of osteoarthritis to ensure that any decrease in analgesic and anti-inflammatory use was not at the expense of patient function.
