A key consideration is the calculation of effective energy expenditure per unit product in a manner enabling cross comparison of studies irrespective of reactor design.
Let P be the selling price per unit, α be the price elasticity to the demand, M be the marketing expenditure per unit, and γ be the marketing expenditure elasticity to the demand (Sadjadi et al. 2005).
Adults born prematurely with very low birth weight have higher resting energy expenditure per unit lean body mass than their peers born at term.
Finally, economic cost is the monetary expenditure per unit of generated product.
There was no difference between the SIMD quintiles in terms of mean expenditure per unit (one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA) (Table 2).
The drift tolerance Δ is simply the maximum tolerated drift angle: For vector-orienting migrants, the transport cost is the mechanical energy expenditure per unit distance travelled along the preferred direction: where P Va) represents the required power to fly at that airspeed (Pennycuick 2008).
Costs of delivering the SOC, CIS and CIS + FI are estimated by measuring utilization rates and multiplying utilization by the resource expenditure per unit utilization: laboratories, outpatient visits, inpatient visits, patient time and transportation costs, staff time, expenses for staff training, durable equipment and non-durable equipment used by staff, and rent.
Whether it is a company's pricing structure, R&D expenditures or per-unit profit, the company must assign an independent economic value to it.
First, we obtained (r_{ib}), which represents the expenditure ratio of commodity i per unit expenditure by each household income quintile (b = 1…5) for Q1 to Q5 using Eq. 3.
Additionally, capital expenditures per revenue generating unit (RGU) was down 26% over the same period.
