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Regardless of treatment mode, the outpatient expenditures comprised the largest share of total expenditure (43 and 58%, respectively, for ITDM and NITDM youth), followed by prescription drugs (39 and 26%, respectively) and inpatient expenditures (18 and 17%, respectively).
Total CINC-related healthcare expenditures included those for the initial hospitalization as well as care provided post-discharge on an outpatient basis; outpatient expenditures comprised encounters with a diagnosis of neutropenia, fever, or infection, as well as use/prescriptions for CSF agents (i.e., as treatment) and antimicrobial therapy.
Moreover, the high proportion of spending on health in relation to GDP is driven by private spending, which is least supportive of UHC goals: private health expenditures comprised 54.5%% of total health expenditure in Moldova in 2012, an increase of 5.8%% from 2000 (Table 1).
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In addition, government health expenditures accounted for approximately 5%% of GDP, with drug expenditures comprising up to 40%% of total health expenditures [ 4], among the highest proportions in the world [ 5].
As of 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 44 million households worldwide faced catastrophic expenditures on healthcare (defined as expenditures comprising at least 40%% of a household's non-subsistence income) and that 25 million households were pushed into poverty as a result [ 9].
Estimates further show that 5%% of households in Kenya face catastrophic expenditures on health according to WHO definition (expenditures comprising 40%% or higher of non-subsistence income) and that about 1.5 million people in the country are pushed into poverty due to healthcare payments [ 1].
Jobs with high, medium, and low energy expenditure comprised 7%, 52%, and 41% of the total of 2 096 414 years worked, respectively.
56 However, it should be noted that this expenditure comprised all operational expenses of programs targeting migrant health and was not confined only to HIV/AIDS care.
Non-medical expenditure comprised of expenditure on food, phone, transportation of family/caretakers, repair of vehicle, legal expenses, compensation paid to the other party involved in crash, costs of obtaining death certificate, funeral and bribes paid (if any).
Household's consumption expenditure comprises both monetary and in-kind payment on all goods and services, and the money value of the consumption of homemade products.
Healthcare expenditures comprise only 0.6% of private health insurance and public spending.
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