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This poses severe problems for households at the lowest income levels [ 7]. High medical expenditure result in not only reduced ability to pay for basic needs, such as food and medicine, but also reduced ability to spend on education [ 8].
Moreover, it was reported that excess energy intake and reduced energy expenditure result in abnormal excessive growth of white adipose tissue (WAT), which can lead to the development of obesity [ 17, 29].
The high energy expenditure result might be overestimated due to the formula of the MET, which is more suitable for young adults whereas the subjects in this study are elderly.
The WHO has quantified this impact in its 2010 Report; OOP expenditures of 60%70%% of total health expenditure result in 2% of the population becoming impoverished and 3.5% facing financial catastrophe.
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Higher government expenditure results in a lower FreeGov freedom score.
Section 3 presents the expenditure results estimated using a non-survey method for domestic tourists in Tokyo and Kyoto.
This implies that increasing real GDP growth will amplify developed country's higher income leading more consumption expenditure resulting negative impact on current account balance.
Section 3 presents the expenditure results for Kyoto visitors from China, Taiwan, and Korea in 2000 and 2014 estimated using a non-survey method.
Obesity represents a physiological disorder in which there is a chronic imbalance between increased food intake and energy expenditure, resulting in increased deposition of fat within body tissues.
Weight loss results in reductions in energy expenditure, including spontaneous physical activity (SPA) which is defined as energy expenditure resulting primarily from unstructured mobility-related activities that occur during daily life.
As it is well-known, the standard single demand function estimation for health service expenditure results in biased estimates when a significant proportion of individuals in the sample are non-consumers.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com