A systematic review of the factors influencing pharmaceutical expenditure identified that drug utilisation; drug therapies; price; and new drugs; are the main drivers of pharmaceutical expenditure [2], and population growth and aging have been found to be additional factors in Ireland [3].
Thus, this paper attempted to delineate the rate of catastrophic health expenditure, identify factors associated therewith, and characterize the burden of catastrophic health expenditure due to chronic disease status.
The variable Education Spending is the sum of all local education expenditures identified in the survey.
These developments are summarized in Figure 2. The increases in pre capita health expenditures identified in these tables occurred because of a retreat from traditional cost controls by managed care plans and because of the transfer of many expenses to consumers.
Second, a considerable proportion of unnecessary expenditure out of total expenditure was identified, and there was a relationship between the bonus system and unnecessary care.
Predictive modeling presents an opportunity to reduce medical expenditures by identifying a very small number of potential top users regarding whom health plans can take actions.
However, in a little-noticed passage of the report, Chilcot says Gordon Brown, then chancellor, "should have ensured that estimates of the likely overall cost of a UK intervention in Iraq, for military and civilian activities during the conflict and post‑conflict period, and the wider implications for public expenditure were identified and available to ministers and cabinet".
A number of studies have estimated the income elasticity of health care expenditure to identify whether health care is a necessary or luxury product.
A large number of studies have estimated the income elasticity of health care expenditure to identify whether health care is a necessary or luxury product, and found varying results.
This is similar to reports of a Mauritania study [15] where it was reported that "the rate of classification between using the index and household expenditure to identify the poor is relatively high.
