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BAT utilizes accumulated fatty acids for energy expenditure; hence it is seen as one of the possible alternates to the current treatment.
As expected, an increase in the available number of health facilities is predicted to increase health care utilisation and health expenditure, hence the positive coefficient for the variable total government health facilities in the district.
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Since Becker (1968) has introduced an economic analysis of law enforcement, there has been a vast literature on economics of crime and punishment.1 In public enforcement of law models, the state determines the level of enforcement expenditures, hence the probability of detecting violators, and fines for harmful acts.
Let us stress that the subsidy can be solely devoted to pay additional health expenditure, and hence it cannot be used to increase the non-medical consumption.
In this study, we did not collect data on household expenditure and hence used the annual household income to determine the nature of catastrophic expenditure using a threshold of 25% of the annual household income.
Resistance training itself and EPOC, which, according to some studies, [ 70, 71] is higher after RT than after aerobic training, both contribute to an increase in energy expenditure and hence constitute important systemic factors which add to metabolic health.
Oxygen consumption (and hence energy expenditure) decreases during the last few weeks of incubation in turtles due to rapid decrease of the rate of new tissue synthesis [17].
While in the short run privatising Eurostar, Royal Mail, RBS or the Green Investment Bank might reduce government assets, and hence expenditure (making the deficit look artificially low), there have been no proper studies showing the long-term costs of such sales.
The impact of higher interest rates on spending depends upon the relative size of the income effect (higher rates boost income and hence expenditure) and the substitution effect (higher rates encourage people to save more).
However, there are vast differences in the organisation of the health care system, staffing needs, the quantum of health budgets, and/or health expenditure between England and South Africa; hence, the findings are not comparable.
This comprehensive model of the demand for health services was used in this study to identify independent variables likely to influence essential medicines and health supplies utilisation at the health facilities in the districts and hence expenditure.
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