In Nigeria, as in other developing countries, variations in morbidity and mortality have been associated with a wide variety of measures of socio-economic status including per capita GDP, fertility rate, adult illiteracy rate, per capita calorie intake, health care expenditure, access to portable drinking water, urban inhabitants, unemployment rate and the nominal exchange rate.
Such figures will include total and detailed expenditures (including performed medical procedures, medications consumption, access to specific healthcare services…).
"A Westminster 'Plan MacB' must deliver real action in the areas where Scottish government policy is making a difference - increased capital expenditure, improved access to finance for medium and small-sized businesses, as well as the introduction of measures to boost consumer confidence and economic security".
Without a defined and agreed set of core PHC services, resource allocation is likely to be ' ad hoc' or based on 'historical' expenditure, with access to core PHC services remaining 'patchy' and inconsistent across similar communities.
Numerous studies describe successful treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction with medical, nursing and allied healthcare via videoconferencing, including a reduction in expenditure, increased access and quality of care for rural patients.
Portugal decriminalized all drugs 10 years ago and the results are in: decreased youth drug use, falling overdose and HIV/AIDS rates, less crime, reduced criminal justice expenditures, greater access to drug treatment, and safer and healthier communities.
Relative socioeconomic (wealth) status will be derived using a principal components analysis that includes data on household assets, income, expenditures, and access to agricultural land at the time of the baseline household visit.
The National Income Dynamics Study NIDSS) was South Africa's first national panel study to document the dynamic structure of households and changes in the incomes, expenditures, assets, access to services, education, health, and well-being of household members.
The study, based on a survey of 18 696 households, has shown that health innovations in Andhra Pradesh had a greater beneficial effect on hospital inpatient care-related expenditures and access than innovations in Maharashtra.
From our previous study it was clear that the administrative model implemented by the financial groups controlled expenditures limiting access to health services operating in contraposition to the interests of the medical industrial complex.
