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Indeed, there is a continuous updating of predictions such that after a rewarded trial, there is a higher expectation of reward (and thus the next reward incurs a smaller prediction error), and conversely after a non-rewarded trial [ 18] (see Figure 2a).
They apparently do so from intrinsic motivation without expectation of reward.
We used the dopamine error signal to measure how the expectation of reward was distributed over time.
"He did it without any expectation of reward other than the fact that it was fun for him".
Thus, the neural expectation of reward in these experiments was not highly precise and the precision declined sharply with interval duration.
Dopamine neurons encode reward and expectation of reward, but it is still unclear how they evaluate perceived effort of a task.
Similar(12)
As children grow, their almost reflexive desire to help-without expectation of reward-becomes shaped by culture.
To encourage innovations, policy makers need to bolster the expectation of rewards.
Pampered and spoiled by their indulgent parents, freeters lack the strength to suffer today in the expectation of rewards tomorrow.
In other words, a promising area, but still with a lot of pain built into it with the expectation of rewards down the line.
The trial-by-trial sequence of choices for each subject was fit by a simple Rescorla-Wagner (RW) model in which behavior is driven by the expectation of rewards and in which trial-by-trial behavioral adaptation is proportional to the difference between the expected and obtained rewards [ 7].
More suggestions(18)
need of reward
sign of reward
expectation of bonus
prediction of reward
expectancy of reward
order of reward
expectation of change
expectation of violence
expectation of transparency
expectation of coffee
expectation of discovery
expectation of longevity
expectation of quality
expectation of sex
expectation of healthcare
expectation of government
expectation of victory
expectation of grace
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com