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Without ever having to view yawn-inducing numbers on gross domestic product per capita, you can watch some countries, like the United States, rapidly growing healthier and wealthier before your eyes while smaller bubbles, for countries like Congo, rise on the life expectancy axis even as they dip on the income line.
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When plotted as a graph, with national income on the horizontal axis and life expectancy on the vertical axis, the Preston curve shows that an increase in national income leads to an increase in life expectancy, with the increases in life expectancy becoming proportionally smaller as income increases.
Of course, policy wonks and politicians love to confuse the debate with a heavy focus on the y-axis of life expectancy.
On your Y-axis, you have their life expectancy at birth (for both men and women).
The growth rate of other selected indicators are substantially lower: the proportion of people over 65 years old increased by 30% between 1975 and 2004, while the increase of life expectancy was 10percentnt (see Fig. 1, left axis).
The vertical axis depicts the gain in the healthy life expectancy (HALE) of the population resulting from any given use of resources, while resource use or costs are shown on the horizontal axis.
Right axis.
Eventually, life expectancy suffers.
Life expectancy has improved.
Their life expectancy plummeted.
Current life expectancy.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com