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Although the mechanisms of accumulation of tandem repeats are becoming clear, the reasons behind the tendency toward expansion and repeat fidelity in humans (compared to other mammalian and primate lineages) are not well understood (Vowles and Amos 2006; Kelkar et al. 2008).
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These 2 genomes have experienced gene gain, gene family expansions and repeat-driven enlargements resulting in an overall genome structure of gene rich regions and gene sparse regions., The gene rich regions are densely packed with genes that are often only separated by a few hundred base pairs, or may overlap in some instances.
Importantly, medium CAG repeat expansions and longer CAG repeat expansions expressed most of these genes differently.
For insertions, divergent regions and repeat expansion the query page has also the option of selecting output on the basis of size in nucleotides.
Each of these disorders represents a different class of genetic disease (monogenic, epigenetic, and repeat expansion disorders), and the approach to therapy addresses the diverse and complex molecular mechanisms involved in these diseases.
The underlying assumption of these models has been that expansion and contraction of repeats is through recombination.
We have shown that the expansion and contraction of repeats carries the potential for an increase in functional variability.
Furthermore STAR elements are conserved at the sequence level within distinct evolutionary lineages but conversely exhibit localised expansion and contraction of repeats.
A potential scenario responsible for such a distribution might be the fluctuations in African palaeo-environments and repeated expansion and contraction of suitable forested habitat for species such as those of the family Odontobatrachidae [ 60- 62].
The rate of repeat expansion and contraction due to DNA polymerase slippage rises with increasing repeat number [ 30].
Interestingly, Fig. 5a, b represents ALS cases with the C9ORF72 repeat expansion and exhibits reduced RBM45 nuclear staining when compared to ALS cases without the repeat expansion.
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