The market destroyed the plan; individualism replaced collectivism and solidarity; the hugely expanded workforce of the world looks like a "proletariat", but no longer thinks or behaves as it once did.
After growing at a steady clip for three decades, China's working-age population has stalled, and the demographic dividends of that expanding workforce are running short.
Its industrial-growth model has closely resembled Japan's in its post-war boom, rising on the same tide of an expanding workforce and export-led productivity gains.
By 1950 city employers were taking advantage of an expanding workforce; thousands were arriving on buses via the newly paved Pan-American Highway, attracted by real economic opportunities along with dreams of urban success.
If our core problems come from over-consumption and irrational financial-sector exuberance, Europe's sluggishness stems from the lack of an expanding workforce and consumer base.
Counter-intuitively, an expanding workforce looks like a recurring feature of the diminished state, which relinquishes its grip on supply, employment and professional practice.
"Access to NHS dentistry is continuing to improve, following record investment, an expanding workforce and a continuing increase in the amount of services being bought by the NHS".
Most simply, an expanding workforce permits faster growth.
A pronounced period of expansion occurred with the outbreak of World War II, when Seattle emerged as a centre for the production of war matériel, including armaments, land vehicles, ships, and aircraft, drawing on an expanded workforce, most of whose members migrated from other parts of the country.
