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Other compelling explanations for the existing variation in care exist.
The nearly universal success of artificial selection and the rapid response of natural populations to new environmental challenges are evidence that existing variation provides the necessary materials for directional selection.
An investigation of why male titmice, or great tits (Parus major), woodland birds of Europe, sing multiple songs serves to illustrate how a behavioral function can be studied by exploiting naturally existing variation.
The survivors clone themselves, and so of course the survivors represent existing variation.
The existing variation point methods do not provide enough design detail for the reuser.
Here, ( r_f^{hatL}(i) ) values were compared against currently existing variation characteristics to ensure that they did not exceed the existing maximum time packet value limits.
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In these models, pre-existing variation in either pheromone production or response increases the likelihood that novel pheromone blends or preferences will result in successful mating [ 5, 6].
Since there's so much pre-existing variation, getting rid of mutation wouldn't cause evolution to grind to a halt until all the meaningful genetic variation ran out, leaving everyone in a population with the same sets of genes.
The clones exhibit widespread genomic instability, rendering recessive de novo mutations homozygous and refining pre-existing variation.
Thus, the high-speed evolution represented by crop domestication can be the result of strong selection pressures on pre-existing variation.
3) We have clarified the two possible evolutionary scenarios de novo mutation and selection or selection on largely pre-existing variation.
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