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Suddenly, you hear the phrase "bottom up" everywhere, a reflection of this growing populist re-organization of ideas and power that mostly relate to local well-being and success and defy the existing "top down" paralysis.
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Even if the review presents two existing top-down approaches, the authors focused the further analysis on bottom-up models.
The simulation results have verified the significant performance advantage of our proposed bottom-up solution over the existing top-down solutions and the other solutions.
TAM is defined as "the existing revenue opportunity available for a product or service," and it's often calculated by taking the existing top-down market size and whittling down segments of the market that are not addressable.
At present, NeuCode SILAC-labeled intact protein spectra are incompatible with existing top-down search algorithms, complicating data analysis.
First, understanding public perceptions of air pollution and associated risk will ensure there is a consultative process in the formulation of policies as opposed to the existing top-down approach where the public is largely a recipient of policy actions without giving any input in their formulation [ 7].
Later on a full-fledged wet ESP was designed to process 100 Nm3/hr of gas, and was tested with an existing open top down draft biomass gasification system.
While businesses have plenty of options if they want to push their employees to do more social media sharing, CultureSphere founder and CEO Danny Gordon said the existing tools all take a similar "top down approach" — senior marketing and social media executives decide what's worth sharing, then everyone else just shares it, or doesn't.
In the other extreme, the "top down" perspective views the mortality rate as determined by biological risk and distributed amongst existing causes of death in a competing risks framework (Gavrilov and Gavrilova 1991).
Top Down, Bottom UP.
Top down, pushing buttons".
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com