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I quote: "The Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America reaffirm their commitment … to respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine".
In 2014, Russia used military force to illegally seize Crimea, in violation of its Budapest Memorandum commitments "to respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine," and "to refrain from the threat or use of force" against Ukraine.
The three powers committed to "respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine" and "refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine".
The existing borders of 1967 were viewed by everybody as not secure, so Israel would retain a meaningful portion of the West Bank and it would return that which it didn't need for peace and security.
The court's ruling appears to be based on convoluted logic, arguing that international agreements signed by Russia take precedence over its domestic laws — though that was hardly the case when Russia annexed Crimea last year, breaking its promise in the 1994 Budapest Memorandum to "respect the independence and sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine".
As part of the Budapest Memorandum signed in 1994 by Ukraine, Great Britain, Russia and the United States, Kiev completely gave up its nuclear arsenal, the third-largest in the world, in exchange for security assurances including a promise to respect the "existing borders of Ukraine".
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Nobody seriously expects existing borders to be formally redrawn as a result of the ongoing upheaval.
Willi Stoph, the GDR's Minister President, hoped that his initiative might result in direct talks between East and West Germany in order to normalise relations, as well as to agree recognition of existing borders and non-proliferation of nuclear arms, or alternatively the halving of the armament budgets of both German states.
It would open the door for many online businesses to emerge, and the ease of purchase that will follow will spur consumption, create new jobs and help African companies to develop markets beyond their existing borders and the borders of the continent.
Secondly, we propose a technique to assess the strength of existing borders, and we demonstrate our technique on the existing administrative borders of Portugal and Ivory Coast.
The problem is that none of these solutions will satisfy everyone, and any redrawing of existing borders could set off a move to change borders elsewhere in the Balkans.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com