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However, the existence of specificity in protection upon secondary pathogen exposure in invertebrates remains controversial [1 6].
The fact that MsbA flips different lipid species with characteristic rates implies the existence of specificity, and suggests that the headgroup and acyl chains are important for transport, not simply the presence of the NBD label.
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The high specificity of V-cGAPs on 3′3′-cGAMP suggests the existence of specific PDEs for other cGAMPs, including 2′3′-cGAMP in mammalian cells.
Since these discrepant results could be due to the paradigms used (subtraction designs), recent results obtained with conjunction and interaction analyses are presented, which confirm the role of parietal areas in executive functioning and also demonstrate the existence of some specificity in the neural substrates of the executive processes of updating, shifting and inhibition.
When carried out on all regulated genes, quantitative analysis revealed the high responsiveness of the root transcriptome and confirmed the existence of genotype specificity of transcriptome responses.
Differential varietal response upon Azospirillum inoculation has been reported for several crops strongly suggesting the existence of host specificity [ 12, 13].
Other studies have also focused on the specificity of acupoints, including visual and auditory acupoints [ 6- 9], but no consensus has yet been reached on the existence of acupoint specificity.
As shown in Figure 5, the qRT-PCR expression profiles of va-miRNAs in young and large leaves, stems, tendrils, inflorescences, flowers and berries have significant differences and can thus demonstrate the existence of spatiotemporal specificity in miRNA expression levels, an observation that could provide important insight to functions of va-miRNAs.
Recently, significant advances have been made in identifying the non-self-recognition molecules, and few of them have been tested for the existence of multiple specificities recognizing PAMPs [30] [33].
Spatial randomness does not necessarily mean unspecific connections, since this does not preclude the existence of subjacent specificities based on molecular affinities, electrical activity, the developmental history of synapses, or other mechanisms not detected by our methodology.
This diversity, combined with the large number of potentially acetylable lysines on histones, suggested the existence of a specific regulatory mechanism based on the substrate specificity of HATs.
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