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The European Common Position on Arms Sales, adopted in 2008, stipulates that the selling country has to assess "the existence of a risk that the equipment will be diverted within the buyer country or re-exported under undesirable conditions".
The conventional methodology for testing the existence of a risk premium, as proposed by Fama (1984), is to use ex-post exchange rates as a proxy for exchange rate expectations.
Lord Hodge said he accepted that proceedings were at an early stage, but added: "I am not persuaded that the outcome of the Revenue claim is too remote in time for the court to form a view as to the existence of a risk".
Furthermore, negative case control studies may not rule out the existence of a risk.
There is no data documenting the existence of a risk of infection transmission in ambulatory healthcare settings but concern remains.
This means that while people accept the existence of a risk to the community in general, they see themselves as less vulnerable or more capable than others.
Similar(52)
We are not aware of the existence of a risk-based early warning system (EWS) that tracks patients progress using a self-assessment and self-referral online system after treatment for breast cancer.
The mere existence of such a risk would chill free speech.
Despite the existence of a trachoma risk map for Southern Sudan, verification of suspected at-risk areas through TRAs is therefore an essential step in the process of targeting trachoma control.
Although the existence of a cancer risk is beyond reasonable doubt, considerable uncertainty exists as to the exposure response relationship, and hence as to the risks posed at today's levels in the workplace and general environment.
Ang et al. (2006) find evidence for the existence of a significant risk premium for holding stocks with high sensitivities to downside market movements and Atanasov and Nitschka (2014) find that downside risk is also priced in bilateral exchange rates.
More suggestions(16)
absence of a risk
evidence of a risk
prevalence of a risk
availability of a risk
introduction of a risk
occurrence of a risk
possibility of a risk
existence of a matching
existence of a coalition
existence of a threat
existence of a militia
existence of a multiplicity
existence of a turf
existence of a vacuum
existence of a deal
existence of a book
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com