Gas (hydrogen) – liquid (organic solution, reactant and products)–liquid (alkaline aqueous solution) – solid (catalyst) four phases existed in a batch reactor.
The authors correctly emphasize the large negative impact of the batch-to-batch variation of anti-histone PTM antibodies and its consequence ('large data sets in chromatin biology exist in a "grey" area outside of natural science, since it is impossible to repeat the underlying experiments.').
Although an invaluable amount of knowledge has been obtained by studying batch cultures, it should be considered that intracell heterogeneity and cell-to-cell interaction (e.g., quorum sensing) exist in an isogenic bacterial culture.
It has been shown that NWs and NWLs can also co-exist in a single synthesis batch [15].
The method aims to identify and describe metabolic interactions between strains that co-exist in a batch culture.
A key point is that many of these challenges exist in batch processing and are not specific to continuous processing.
Our model is applied to Escherichia coli for which experimental data exist in the literature for batch and fed-batch cultures.
The batch effects problem is a non-biological systematic bias that exists in various batches of samples due to experimental handling.
Thus, SNPs, indels, and transpositions may pre-exist in the seed batch used for transformation.
In this work, all the data lifecycle, from collection to analysis, is handled, taking into consideration the different data processing speeds that can exist in the real environment of a factory (batch or stream).
Our study here supports previous research [ 28] that contamination found in the GenBank data mainly existed in batches submitted by specific groups rather than being stochastically distributed (Additional file 3), suggesting the errors were derived from certain method(s).
