We do not want to elaborate in detail why there is no such relationship at the group level even though a relationship exists within groups: a variety of reasons could be hypothesized.
To exist within a group is to create a sense of belonging and loyalty.
However, the analysis also revealed that differences in DNA methylation patterns can exist within a group of tumors of the same gene expression phenotype, for example, the presence of Genomically Unstable tumors in methylation subgroups 3 and 4. Importantly we were able to validate our findings in a platform (Nimblegen vs. Illumina) and cohort (Lund vs. TCGA) independent dataset.
Differences between ranks contributed to 39% of the variation, and only 2% variation existed between organisms grouped within a given rank.
In other words, "strong ties" refers to the interactions that exist within a particular group (closed family, friends), whereas "weak ties" refers to the interactions across multiple groups (open groups or networks).
The group appears to exist mostly online, within a tentacular network of Facebook groups that manage the organisations' various subgroups, which are devoted to things like security and politics.
At its most radical, this approach assumes all necessary knowledge on a topic exists within a group and the role of the facilitator is to merely prompt questions and support learning rather than introduce 'new' information [ 15].
From an evolutionary perspective, being able to flexibly identify group membership using shared characteristics would be an adaptive strategy to deal with cultural norms that exist within groups for limited periods.
Foreigners, he told me, find it hard to penetrate tight-knit Danish social circles: hygge can only really exist within groups who know each other already.
Nevertheless, it is possible that such large-scale comparisons fail to take into account the significant differences in virulence that may exist within groups of isolates with apparently equivalent invasive potential, such as hypervirulent and moderately virulent serotype 1 clones [14].
Although colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract appears to be transient [ 2], persistent shedders of high quantities of these organisms can exist within groups of cattle [ 3, 4].
