p53 exhibits its function through the induction of downstream genes and/or protein interaction relating to tumor suppression.
Wnt3a, an important member of the Wnt family, activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to exhibit its biological functions.
Apart from its direct impact on the specific elimination of CD20+ B-cells, rituximab appears to exhibit its immunomodulatory functions via nonspecific mechanisms, either through induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity, as a nonspecific immunoglobulin administered intravenously, or through stimulation of the apoptotic pathway [ 14, 15].
IDO may exhibit its immune inhibitory functions both in the activation phases (in the draining lymph node) as well as in the effector phases (at the site of the tumor).
It exhibits its biological function by binding and activation of FGF receptors 1, 2, and 3. bFGF has important effects on bone formation of the facial region.
While TOR signaling usually exhibits its regulatory function by affecting the cellular localization of transcription regulatory proteins, we also see significant transcriptional control of TOR responsive TFs in P. pastoris.
TCTP exhibits its anti-apoptotic functions [ 3] through mechanisms that stabilize the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, MCL1 [ 6] and that antagonize the dimerization of pro-apoptotic Bax [ 7].
As TCTP is hydrophilic and contains no hydrophobic transmembrane domain or any other organelle localization signal, it is most likely that TCTP exhibits its anti-apoptotic function either by quenching cytosolic Ca2+, thereby inhibiting PCD signalling, or by interacting with other proteins located at/in the membrane of ER and mitochondria.
During larval stage, JH exhibits its "status quo" function probably through two transcription factors, E75A and Kr-h1, to prevent the activation of BR-C, a 20E signal transduction gene for larvae-pupae transition [ 7, 47].
Recent studies have revealed the unique biological activities of type III IFNs in and beyond innate antiviral immunity [ 12, 13] IL-29 shows the highest level of activity among three members of type III IFNs and has exhibited its potential immunoregulatory function.
BPA exhibits its effects on metabolic function by inducing adipocyte formation, promoting insulin resistance, and inhibiting adiponectin [ 9, 10].
