Syk has several interacting signaling partners e.g. Vav, the phophoinositide-specific phospholipase C PLCC) isozymes PLCγ-1 and PLCγ-2, and Cbl which are known to exert a functional impact on different leukocyte functions including cell migration [10] [17].
Another SNP in region 3 that ENCODE data suggests may exert a functional effect is rs2736108.
The SNP rs760477 is located within intron 4 and is unlikely itself to exert a functional effect, and no disease-associated polymorphisms were identified in the surrounding exons.
Ectopic overexpression of miR-146a in HEK293T exosomes was previously shown to exert a functional effect upon recipient cells, including downregulation of target gene expression [ 24].
This finding supports the current evidence that EDN3 may exert a functional role divergent to that of EDN1/EDN2 in the human mammary gland [ 18].
Collectively, these observations suggest that CRC cell-derived microvesicles carry mRNA, together with proteins and lipids, which may exert a functional influence on CRC-related processes.
Hence, it can be hypothesized that the dys-methylated and dys-regulated genes also exert a functional role in the heart.
Whether 3′-UTR variants exert a functional effect on APP translation by miRNAs still remains to be assessed, but a recent re-sequencing effort detected rare mutations at highly conserved predicted miRNA target sites in late-onset AD patients (72).
Over evolutionary time, as retroelements become fixed in the genome of a species, those located in or near a gene may exert a functional role in expression of that gene (Wang et al. 2005).
