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A major bone-robbing issue for some young athletes, especially women, is what sports specialists call "energy availability" — the amount of energy they consume during exercise minus the amount they expend, divided by their lean body mass (muscle and bone).
This was equivalent to a relative exercise minus control group improvement of approximately 3%.
Exercise minus control group changes were calculated from each study and weighted by the inverse of the variance.
For this study, the probability values were derived from z-values calculated from the exercise minus control group differences in BMI z-score for each study.
Fourth, this supports previous work by the investigative team in which an exercise minus control group improvement of approximately 3% was found for BMI z-score [ 19].
The PCI is calculated as follows: (heart rate during steady state exercise minus heart rate at rest) divided by walking speed; PCI is expressed in beats/meter and indicates the increased heart rate (HR) necessary for exercise (walking).
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Mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) demonstrations were provided four times every month by trained lecturers as in our previous report.
The mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) is widely used for assessment in single work-based encounters of clinical competence at the top of Miller's pyramid the 'does' level.
Hill et al. examined the reliability of the mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX), a workplace-based assessment, and found that 29% of the score variation was due to examiner stringency [ 13].
One potential solution has used work-sampling strategies to assess clinical competence across multiple patients in real clinical practice, as in the mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) [ 6].
We reviewed the literature on instruments for work-based assessment in single clinical encounters, such as the mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX), and examined differences between these instruments in characteristics and feasibility, reliability, validity and educational effect.
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