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Results showed that 10.1% (EAI) and 6.2% (EDS) of the population were characterized as non-dependent-symptomatic exercisers, while the proportion of the persons at-risk for exercise dependence was 0.5% (EAI) and 0.3% (EDS).
Originally developed as a screening tool for exercise dependency [ 30, 41], a total EDS score above 77 has previously been proposed as indicative for "exercise dependence at-risk" with a sensitivity of 1 and a specificity of 0.97 [ 42].
To examine the concordance of a questionnaire-based categorization as 'at-risk for exercise dependence' and an interview-based diagnosis of exercise dependence.
Correlations with measures of intuitive eating, exercise dependence, and exercise motivation supported convergent and discriminant validity.
Objectives: To compare triathletes with exercise dependence and/or eating disorders on their metamotivational characteristics using the framework of Reversal Theory.
To identify distinct profiles of Ironman participants based on levels of exercise dependence, and examine whether these profiles differed in relation to eating patterns and psychological distress.
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For example, in patients with diminished LV function, during exercise there may be (sub acute worsening of congestive heart failure, possibly due to use dependence of class I drugs.
Growth, variable exercise and eating patterns, dependence on parents and other caregivers for injections and blood tests, difficulties ensuring optimal diabetes care in schools and the physiological and psychological burdens of adolescence all constitute challenges to achieving optimal glycaemic control 10.
In contrast, The Washington Post critic Allison Stewart was unfavorable of the lyrical content of the song, commenting that it was "the sort of exercise in teenage co-dependence...that should be long extinct".
The index demonstrated anticipated associations with self-reported quality of life, activities of daily living, WOMAC functional status score, use of walking support, frequency of usual exercise, frequency of falls and dependence upon another person for assistance with chores.
Among the most currently used (and psychometrically valid and reliable) instruments are the 'Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire' (OEQ) [4,9], the 'Exercise Dependence Scale' (EDS) [10,11], the 'Exercise Dependence Questionnaire' [12], and the 'Exercise Addiction Inventory' (EAI) [13].
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