The ducks could be divided into a high-excretion group consisting of tufted ducks, pochards, and mallards, and a low-excretion group consisting of teals, wigeons, and gadwalls.
The fractional urinary excretion in group F was 8.8% lower than the control group.
Urinary protein excretion of group C2 became almost null three years after renal biopsy and eGFR three years after renal biopsy were higher than those at the time of renal biopsy.
There was, however, no difference between the two groups in 24-hour free cortisol excretion, both groups being lower than healthy controls.
The main finding of this study, i.e. a difference in renal excretion between groups, was however highly significant (P < 0.001).
The above studies found no difference in 24 hr urinary water or Na excretion between groups, however small differences in salt or water excretion that might exert a cumulative effect on body fluid volume might not be detected.
Samples were divided into four groups according to protein excretion over 24 h: group 1, >0.5 g/day; group 2, 0.5 0.99 g/day; group 3, 1 1.99 g/day; and group 4, ≥2 g/day.
However, comparing excreted hormone levels on an individual basis and for both groups separately, we found a significant effect of rank on glucocorticoid excretion in both groups (one-way ANOVA: group A: F 3, 282) = 3.50, P < 0.02); group B: F 3, 272) = 6.34, P < 0.001; Fig. 2a and b).
The ratio of urinary excretion in test group to urinary excretion in the control group was used as a measure of diuretic action of a given dose of a drug (Formula −2).
The excretion in this group was compared with virus excretion in their HIV seronegative partners and in an unselected cohort of patients attending a Genito-Urinary MediclinicGUM) clinic.
