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The Times's ranking calculates opponents' won-loss records -- excluding the outcome of the game that the ranked team played against that opponent.
We then performed a second multiple imputation procedure by specifying the conditional model for each incomplete variable given all other covariates, but excluding the outcome.
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Analyses excluding the outcomes at high risk of bias did not alter the conclusions (data not shown).
Second, they excluded the outcome processing (learners' final effort versus performance evaluation) as a possible motivation component to sustain the iterative game playing cycle.
Yet the judge excluded the outcome of the juvenile court case that went in Shaffer's favor.
The decision to exclude the outcome "time to resolution of moderately bad symptoms" from the analysis was made for two reasons.
We compared two generic strategies to evaluate pragmatic model performance: (1) a multiple imputation procedure which excludes the outcome from the imputation models and (2) using partial prediction models.
By analysing the responsiveness of short-term changes in temperature to "nudges and bumps" in the climate system, he explained, they were able to exclude the outcomes that would have resulted in devastating increases of 4C or more by 2100.
We excluded the outcomes reported in sensitivity analyses or subgroup analyses.
To evaluate pragmatic model performance, a multiple imputation approach which excludes the observed outcome could be applied to the validation dataset (approach V4 in Table 7).
The molecular response remained consistent over time regardless of MRI outcome, excluding the possibility that attenuated IRG regulation explained the variable response to IFNβ.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com