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Overall, these subcohorts did not seem to differ significantly, excluding period effect as a confounder.
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Excluding periods of extreme economic distress, it has been estimated that about 6.5 per cent of the British population may have been accommodated in workhouses at any given time.
In line with other studies, we distinguished sedentary behaviour from time when the monitor was not worn by excluding periods of >10 minutes with continuous zeros [25].
The three grasslands, excluding periods following management activities, were characterised by average net emission rates of 1.5 2.8 nmolm−2 s−1.
Instead of excluding periods with influenza activity from the estimation of the no-influenza expected mortality, these periods may be down-weighted [ 13].
The response rate for the SMS survey was 97 % for the entire period of 63 weeks, excluding periods of summer (6 weeks) and Christmas holiday (1 week).
As a second sensitivity analysis, ARIMA and Poisson regression analyses were redone by excluding periods of time where patients were not covered by the RAMQ drug plan.
Direction changes were tabulated each time a track shifted from positive to negative along the main component excluding periods of pausing (speeds less than 0.1 µ/s), error bars = SE (p < 0.0001).
The total duration of bisphosphonate use was estimated according to defined daily doses from the first registered prescription to the last prescription or to the date of fracture, whichever came first, and excluding periods of non-use.
(G – I ) Mean values of ventilation (VE) (G ), breath duration (TTOT) (H ) and tidal volume (VT) (I ) of control (n = 31) and mutant (n = 8) pups breathing normal or hypercapnic air, excluding periods of apnea.
Clearly, if t+1∈W t, then t+1∈V t. (For j=t+1 there does not exist period i with t+1≤i≤j−1. This is the reason why we excluded period t+1 in computation of V t ).
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