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* Shoulder arthroscopy excludes rotator cuff tears; Wrist arthroscopy excludes carpal tunnel syndrome.
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Because ultrasound may be difficult to perform in these patients, MRI may be performed first to exclude rotator cuff abnormalities.
Furthermore, 346 patients with the following diagnoses were excluded: rotator cuff arthropathy (n = 109), sequela after ligament damage (n = 39), sequela after dislocation (n = 21), psoriatic arthritis (33), ankylosing spondylitis (21), osteonecrosis (n = 24), sequela after infection (n = 19), and other diagnosis (n = 80).
Therefore, when necessary, an additionally MRI investigation was carried out in these patients to exclude massive rotator cuff tears.
Ultrasound examination is the recommended imaging, to exclude a rotator cuff rupture.
Imaging may be used to exclude articular or rotator cuff pathology.
Shoulder with signs of osteoarthritis or rotator cuff tears were excluded from the study.
All patients with previous shoulder surgery, fractures, infections, tumors, or symptoms of impingement or rotator cuff tears were excluded.
Patients who had undergone any previous shoulder surgery, including a debridement or repair of the rotator cuff tear were excluded.
Patients with any procedure code for rotator cuff repair were excluded from our estimates of shoulder arthroscopy not performed for cuff repairs.
Two patients with a rotator cuff tear were excluded from the test-retest analysis because they showed a difference of more than two points (3 and 4 points) on the shoulder hindrance scale.
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