Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(1)
The difference between the societal perspective and the NHS perspective was that the first additionally included patients' co-payments for medications and the costs of lost production from day 1 of sick leave onwards; however, it excluded value added tax (VAT), as this does not represent a cost to society.
Similar(58)
In the base case the substances were valued at their cost to the health care sector in 2001, excluding value added tax (VAT).
The price excludes the value added tax (VAT).
Hospital prices were analyzed as net prices, i.e. excluding the value added tax, and as "unit prices" (i.e. per tablet, vial) to allow for a comparison in case of different pack sizes (e.g. 28 and 30 tablets).
Analysis was carried out from a health care payer perspective (productivity losses, income transfers and value added taxes were excluded) including costs of drugs, mSTS, serious adverse event (SAE) treatment and travelling.
Value added tax (VAT) was excluded from the economic evaluation and included in budget impact estimates, following guidelines.
During analysis using an exclusion list, the LC-MS/MS run was divided into six time segments with excluded m/ z values added to the appropriate segment based on the elution time of the RNase T1 digestion product.
A second caveat is that GDP per employee measures the value added by a country's workers, excluding the value of imported materials and components.
Taxes withheld (e.g., personal income tax) or collected and remitted to tax authorities (e.g., value added taxes, sales taxes or goods and service taxes) are excluded.
A tax on the difference between revenues and purchases from other businesses excludes the value produced by those other firms and focuses on the value added by the firm being taxed.
Value added tax 18.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com