Self-reported individual-level behaviour, more 'objective' measures of behaviour and measures of behavioural change were all included, as in Michie et al. 23 Studies were excluded if reported data were unsuitable for meta-analysis.
Patients were excluded if the stenosis was considered unsuitable for stenting because of specific vascular anatomy, if the stenosis was caused by non-atherosclerotic disease, or if the symptomatic artery had previously been revascularised.
Patients were excluded if their treating physician felt they were unsuitable, such as presence of metal in the upper body or history of epilepsy.
Air cooling and passive liquid cooling methods were investigated and excluded as unsuitable, and therefore an active liquid cooling solution was selected.
Patients were excluded if the clinician caring for the patient believed that TNF inhibitors were unsuitable or it was believed that patients would be unlikely to understand study procedures or unwilling to comply.
Potential participants will be excluded if there are confounding health/mental health issues or if the participant is deemed unsuitable for interview by QCS staff.
Patients were excluded if they had a major stroke with poor recovery of function, if their vascular anatomy rendered CAS or CEA unsuitable, if the stenosis was caused by non-atheromatous disease, if cardiac bypass was planned within 1 month of the revascularization procedure, or if there had been previous revascularization of the symptomatic artery.
Potential participants will be excluded if they: a) are currently enrolled in a smoking cessation trial, or have been within the past three months; or b) are unsuitable for treatment with either patches or varenicline (per current Australian prescribing guidelines [ 28]).
Subjects were excluded if cesarean delivery was required.
They were also excluded if they had any clinically significant acute or chronic medical condition that was considered progressive, or in the opinion of the investigator, would make the participant unsuitable for the study.
Participants were excluded if they were pregnant.
