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Chemical reactions result from the exchange of electrons among atoms.
Two distinct correlated motions occur, the nonsequential double ionization and the nonsequential exchange of electrons.
Summers, Z. M. et al. Direct exchange of electrons within aggregates of an evolved syntrophic coculture of anaerobic bacteria.
It is a non-equilibrium plasma in solution, and the characteristics of plasma and solution are coupled by the exchange of electrons and ions.
In its early form the transistor was capable of amplifying only comparatively low frequencies because the exchange of electrons and positive charges across the sandwich was slow.
The approach was known as "photoredox catalysis" because particles of light, or photons, propel the exchange of electrons in a process called oxidation-reduction, or "redox" for short.
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The mechanism of discharge process of LaNi5 alloy was analyzed by comparing the tip current (Itip) versus substrate potential (Esub) curve, which reflects the exchange of H+ or OH− between the alloy surface and the solution, with the substrate current (Isub) versus substrate potential (Esub) curve, which reflects the exchange of electron on the LaNi5 alloy surface.
Handling all those tokens -- emptying them from turnstiles, delivering bags of them to token booths, counting them out to riders -- is cumbersome and expensive, and transit officials have long looked forward to the day when most of their business with riders would involve exchanges of electrons, not metal and paper.
Chemisorption involves strong attractive forces due to exchanging of electrons (Bhattacharyya and Sharma 2005) (Fig. 7).
The results showed that electrochemical reduction of Sb III) in LiCl KCl melts occurred in a reaction step with an exchange of three electrons.
Nd III) at a tungsten electrode was reduced to Nd(0) through a one-step process involving the exchange of three electrons: Nd III) + 3e− = Nd(0).
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