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The exchange force between neighbours is much weaker than the force within the atomic shell of one ion.
He said policy makers should give companies more flexibility in laying off workers and, in exchange, force them to offer workers generous unemployment insurance.
The deep-bed filtration model incorporates the physical effects of porosity and effective specific surface area changes due to fines deposition/detachment, gas and suspension inertial effects, and coupling effects between the filtration parameters and the interfacial momentum exchange force terms.
The model hypothesized that plugging occurred via deep-bed filtration and incorporated physical effects of porosity and effective specific surface area changes due to the capture of fines, inertial effects of phases, and coupling effects between the fines filter rate equation and the interfacial momentum exchange force terms.
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In most insulating chemical compounds, the exchange forces between the magnetic ions are of an antiferromagnetic nature.
A simple empirical representation of the effect of such exchange forces invokes the idea of an effective internal, or molecular, field Hint, which is proportional in size to the magnetization M; that is, Hint = λM in which λ is an empirical parameter.
The explanation was put forward in 1948 by Néel, who suggested that the exchange forces responsible for the spontaneous magnetization were basically antiferromagnetic in nature and that in the ordered state they contained two (or more) sublattices spontaneously magnetized in opposite directions.
Thus, a strong interaction of magnetic moments within domains occurred due to exchange forces.
There was a big shakeup in the online advertising world last weekend: Google cut off AppNexus from its ad exchange, forcing the startup to direct its clients to purchase ad inventory directly from Google.
A magnetic domain (also called a Weiss domain) refers to a volume of ferromagnetic material in which all magnetons are aligned in the same direction by the exchange forces.
For example, breakage and coalescence events produce very different bubble size distribution and then affects the interfacial interactions between the phases as heat and mass transfer and exchange forces, for example the drag and lift forces.
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