In vitro assembly reactions were prepared on ice in "cell-binding buffer" (Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline, DPBS, containing 40 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 100 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, and 20 µM DFHBI-1T) using an excess of targeting aptamer over the payload (3:1 molar ratio of targeting:payload, 1.5 μM targeting:0.5 µM payload aptamer).
An excess of targeting ligand will lead to reduced circulation time (Shmeeda et al. 2009), whereas an excess of PEG will dilute the effect of the active targeting groups.
When we checked the progress of various activities with the UNICEF Office, and then with the responsible ministries, the implementation figures were generally in excess of targets.
Disclose the price to the public of the securities being offered, the target offering amount, the deadline to reach the target offering amount, and whether the company will accept investments in excess of the target offering amount.
The beams failed at loads comfortably in excess of the target, a shear flow of 2828 Nm m−1 being carried in four-point bending.
The results indicate that the enantioselectivity was sensitive to the CD surface concentration and the enantiomeric excess of the target product, 1-R-phenyl-1-hydroxy-2-propanone, was in the range of 25 51%.
The statistics report that teacher numbers in local authority schools stand at 51,286, in excess of the target of 51,131".
Traditionally, in order to ensure the efficiency of negative selection, the control cell line is often in 5- to 10-fold excess of the target cell line.
Some of these putative miRNA show significant excess of conserved target sites and might function as conventional miRNA.
