Sentence examples for excess equilibrium from inspiring English sources

For Δ U≪  s, which is likely to be the usual case given that s − ≃ 0.001 to 0.01 (Lynch and Walsh 1998), a newly arisen sublineage of mutators generally achieves its excess equilibrium mutation load, Δ U/ s, before being purged from the population, and s ∼ d ≃ 1 − (1 − s ) Δ U / s ≃ Δ U ; that is, the selective disadvantage of the mutator is independent of the effects of the mutations it produces.

Particulate organic carbon yields are closely linked to sediment yields, which are in turn, far in excess of equilibrium yields.

Methanol excess caused equilibrium shifted to product side.

As reported in the work of Sanguinetti et al.[28], starting from out-of-equilibrium concentrations of vacancies presents in MDE materials, thermal annealing produces a depletion of the vacancy concentration due to surface evaporation or trap-driven decay of the excess, non-equilibrium, vacancies.

In the best cases, the (1S,2S)- and (1R,2R -diol enantiomers were obtained with ee(1R,2R -diol% and enantiomers 93% enantiomeric excess in one equilibrium stage, respectively.

The optimum process layout for this exothermic, catalytic, reversible reaction is a complex interconnection of reactors that achieves a conversion in excess of the equilibrium value for a single adiabatic reactor.

The formation of austenite in excess of the equilibrium amount is considered to occur due to very slow substitutional diffusion in the growing austenite compared to the boundary migration.

The dynamical competition between these two processes gives rise to an equilibrium excess free volume that can be connected to flow viscosity via the phenomenological Vogel Fulcher–Tammann relation in relaxed structures near the glass transition temperature.

An approximation for Y1a and Y1b is to assume that they may be started uniformly during an operating period[16], which is sometimes called random modification of Y[8] or equilibrium excess distribution[7].

The contribution of the instant adsorption on the 'open' (accessible via larger pores) surface areas, initial activated diffusion-limited (Case I-R) sorption, and final relaxation were estimated as the percentage of the total (equilibrium) excess sorption increments.

This implies that at equilibrium excess mortality is lowest at the point where the pathogen is just driven to extinction.