All experiments, with the exception of the study in fully-differentiated ARPE-19 cells, were repeated at least three times.
Each study meal was designed to contain a total of 50 g of available carbohydrate with the exception of the study meals testing the 'catalytic' fructose effect.
Eighteen patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: an experimental group treated for all positive antigens, and a control group treated for all positive antigens, with the exception of the study antigens.
Most studies in this review that tested the levels of TLR2 and/or TLR4 receptors in a disease context used moderate load protocols, with the exception of the study by Nickel et al. [114], which studied marathon runners and found an increase in the mRNA expression and protein levels of these receptors.
With the exception of the study by Light et al. [36], which tested an AAE protocol at moderate intensity and in samples obtained from individuals with disease, studies based on different strenuous exercise protocols consistently led to increases in TLR4, TLR2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines [35, 37, 39, 40, 42].
While no study revealed an effect for low physical exercise, the majority of studies found positive effects for moderate physical exercise on reaction times [19, 20, 28 32, 35 40, 42, 44, 45], with the exception of the study from Pesce et al. [43] which found no effect.
With the exception of the study of Bevan et al. [9], our estimated soaring-gliding MR in relation to BMR, is 0.67 to 0.83 the value found for other species.
Volunteers returned on study day 120 for a second vaccination and were followed on the same schedule as described above, with the exception of the study day 90 visit.
Placebo controls were used in most trials of oral vitamin D (with the exception of the study by Law [29]), as well as the trials of alendronate [35] and fluoride [36].
Furthermore, sensitivity analysis showed that these estimates were robust for different selections of studies included in the meta-analysis, with the exception of the study by Mata et al [48].
This is in contrast to earlier studies [6], [7], [25] with the exception of the study by Ebihara et al. [26], in which seroprevalence levels were seen to reach a nadir by 6 months of life, and seroprevalence varied from between 2 16% when carried out by the ELISA, and 21% by both the G- and F-specific (RSV surface glycoproteins) competition ELISA.
