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The training populations included all populations except for the population that was being validated, with some exceptions.
Moreover, all the variables are expressed in the logarithmic form, except for the population growth rate variable.
Mitochondrial CR FST values calculated between pre- and post-El Niño samples were rather low (<0.1; see Table 2) except for the population on Marchena (FST = 0.44125, p<0.05), and are therefore in line with the FST results from the microsatellite data.
Except for the population pair CL and RL, all pairs revealed significant heterogeneity in SGS between the populations based on the multi-class test criterion (Table 4).
The ESS values were exceeding 200 for all of the tree parameters except for the population size at one node, which had an ESS of 156.
Pairwise mismatch distributions (Fig. 5) were not significantly different from values expected under a model of population expansion [ 39], except for the population at St. Paul's Rocks.
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We include data from the eight counties in all analyses in this paper except for the population-based incidence rates, which include Monroe and Davidson County data only, the principal counties served by the study hospitals.
The level of differentiation between individuals within populations, evaluated using Ward's agglomeration analysis [Additional Information File 2], was generally similar, except for the populations from the margins of the species' geographical range, such as GR, CY and CR1, and also LB2 and LB3.
Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA; Tables 2, 3, 4) revealed significant statistical differences between most of the populations, except for the German population sample, which reflected well the typical European haplotype composition.
Analyses of LD decay by breeding population showed similar profiles among populations except for the CIMMYT population, which had the lowest LD among completely linked loci and the slowest rate of LD decay.
The choice of our study population, except for the TKA population, was based on existing retrospective cohort studies.
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