Exact(1)
The latent class model in Equation (1) is non-identifiable due to the number of unknown parameters (5, i.e., sensitivity and specificity of both tests and prevalence) exceeding the degrees of freedom (3, i.e., possible test combinations - 1).
Similar(7)
If post-hoc comparisons exceeded the degrees of freedom, p-values of post-hoc single comparisons were corrected using a modified Bonferroni procedure [44].
Having won that place at university, your teenager should be encouraged to get the most of it by immersing themselves in whatever is on offer: the benefits far exceed the degree alone with regard to personal and professional development.
We also simulate the cycling dynamics of various flow configurations and show that flow-through electrodes exceed the degree-of-desalination compared with flow-by and flow-behind configurations due to solution stagnation within electrodes.
If the number of available processors exceeds the degree of parallelism, the remainder of the processors become idle.
For these diseases, the degree of colonic wall thickening typically exceeds the degree of associated fat stranding, and not uncommonly; fat stranding may be subtle despite marked mural abnormality [10, 51].
This ambiguity arises from phrasal and clausal comparatives: the phrasal comparative of 'more than' takes a noun phrase and relates Jess and Jason (effectively saying that the degree to which Sam loves Jess exceeds the degree to which he loves Jason).
As long as we do not exceed the degree stipulated by morality (yi), doing more for ourselves and our circle than for outsiders does not count as selfishness, but as conformity with the moral norm of all-inclusive care for all.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com