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"Soon after I had published the pamphlet 'Common Sense,' in America," he explained, "I saw the exceeding probability that a revolution in the system of government would be followed by a revolution in the system of religion".
Finally, a grey-level threshold of the band-ratio difference image is determined as the value whose exceeding probability equals the areal percentage of landuse change.
The exceeding probability of each limit state and the Mean Annual Frequency (MAF) are reduced, leading to a better safety margin of the RC structure.
The distribution of yearly maximum wind load effect is then calculated through the exceeding probability of directional wind speeds over the corresponding levels.
Open image in new window Fig. 15 Aggregate exceeding probability function (AEP) comparisons at the Hunan provincial level Open image in new window Fig. 16 Aggregate exceeding probability function (AEP) comparisons at the Dingcheng county level.
Based on this combination, the exceeding probability of structural damage from given damage level (D > d i ) is estimated by Eq. 1 (Nasserasadi 2006).
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The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed new scheme are verified by a reliability problem of earthquake-excited 5-story building, and by the estimation of extreme responses of a 5 MW onshore wind turbine with very small exceeding probabilities.
Based on the criterion of cast iron beam failure not exceeding probabilities of 10−1, 10−2 and 10−3, material safety factors of 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 respectively have been obtained.
In addition, when asked "would you give treatment to this patient" in the instruction prior to presenting the first (base-case) vignette, we included a normative statement that "treatment should be given if probability of disease exceeds probability X" where X was derived using B2/H2 data and referred to the probability of PE and AML, respectively.
Clicking on a point on the map will show the local probability of exceeding and probability distribution of the forecast (green) together with the climatological distribution (black).
Protein homology identifications of the top hit (first rank) with a relative score exceeding 95% probability and additional hits (second rank or more) with a relative score exceeding 98% probability threshold were retained.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com