However, according to our estimates, neither chlorpyrifos nor mercury intake exceeded benchmark values.
For our study population, the means of the estimated intakes for the following dietary contaminants exceeded benchmark levels: were acrylamide, arsenic, lead, and among persistent organic pollutants, chlordane (children only), dieldrin, DDE, and PCDD/Fs.
In its annual letter, the endowment laid out the performance of its various assets and the degree to which each sector missed or exceeded benchmarks.
Between 1993 and 1997, 95% of urban streams exceeded benchmarks for aquatic life.
Sediment concentrations, normalized to organic carbon content, infrequently exceeded benchmarks for aquatic health, which was generally consistent with low rates of observed toxicity.
The model predicted that when homes did not use venting range hoods, household exposures frequently exceeded benchmarks the authors set based on federal and state health-based standards., It also indicated that cooks and young children, who were assumed to be in closest proximity to the stove, would have the highest exposures.
Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) [ 5] reported that As and Cd levels exceeding benchmark were recorded at ex-mining, municipal water supply, solid waste landfill and agricultural areas.
A recent analysis of modeled national estimates suggests that ambient concentrations of HAPs exceed benchmark risk levels for cancer and non-cancer end points in many areas of the country (Caldwell et al. 1998; Woodruff et al. 1998, 2000).
Table 2 presents the percent of preschoolers who exceed benchmark intakes (noncancer benchmarks in the 3rd to the last column, cancer benchmarks in the final column) adjusted for body weight (data for school-age children, parents, and older adults are included in Additional file 2: Table S2).
Recent analysis of modeled national estimates suggests that ambient concentrations of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) exceed benchmark risk levels for cancer and noncancer end points in many areas of the country (Apelberg et al. 2005; Morello-Frosch et al. 2000; Woodruff et al. 1998).
Based on dietary data we collected for different age groups, potential exposure to environmental toxins through the food consumption route is a real and significant concern particularly for children in their preschool and primary school years, with a high proportion of this age group estimated to exceed benchmark levels for a number of contaminants with known effects on health.
