"excavation surface" is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
It refers to the surface or top layer of soil or ground that is being dug up or excavated. An example of using this phrase in a sentence could be: "The archaeologists carefully brushed away the debris to reveal the ancient artifacts on the excavation surface."
At the time step 7000 (Fig. 7b) fractures occur at the excavation surface, and the excavation is stopped.
While tunnel excavation using TBM or Shield machines produces quite a regular and smooth tunnel excavation surface, the tunnel excavation using drilling and blasting results in a very irregular and rough excavation surface.
It should be noted that the finial stress and displacement at radial direction are the internal support pressure and deformation at the excavation surface, respectively.
This method based on repeated scans, can monitor the excavation surface movement ranging from a few mm to more than 600 mm.
The HDZ was found to be approximately 5 to 10 cm in thickness, and the EDZ was found to extend between 15 and 35 cm below the excavation surface.
Traces of discontinuity planes on the excavation surface have been predicted by adopting the algebraic projection technique and the persistence of discontinuity has been considered to determine the extent of trace on the projecting plane.
Using block theory, we can determine both the type of removable block and key block for different excavation surfaces.
The blocks generated by the intersection between structural planes and excavation surfaces were analyzed based on the block theory and limit equilibrium.
An algebraic algorithm has been developed for predicting the formation of three-dimensional tetrahedral blocks on the excavation surfaces based on the orientations and locations of discontinuity planes obtained from DOM drilling operation.
Analysis on the effect of underground excavation on surface building damage based on GIS data management can quickly evaluate the effect of underground excavation on surface building damage, and provide technical support for the disaster prevention and mitigation of underground engineering during excavation.
DOE and NSF would also collaborate on the cost of other experiments and additional infrastructure, including excavation and surface buildings.
