For example, quadriplegia with functional survival is assigned a value of 0.2; quadriplegia with severe brain disability is assigned a value of 0.1.
For example, genes with functional roles in collagen-, glycosandnoglycan-, and proteoglycan-binding are upregulated in adult articular chondrocytes (Table 4).
For example, molecular parasites with functional HEGs were found in the apparently asexual amoeba Naegleria [ 27], and the PRP8 intein with HEG persisted over long periods in euascomycetes ([ 21] provide an estimate of over 500 million years) under purifying selection [ 28] and without any evidence for their horizontal transfer.
For example, in patients with functional mutism, tickling the back of the patient's mouth with a mirror or tongue depressor could trigger a 'reflex phonation' making the application of painful currents through a pharyngeal electrode unnecessary (Yealland and Adrian, 1917).
Michigan is merely one example of a nationwide problem with functional illiteracy and very low skill levels.
These perturbation studies can be complemented with functional studies, for example, analysis of gene expression to assess the functional implications of chromatin folding.
For example, gene expression profiling was combined with functional genomic and proteomic data from various species to generate a network containing 118 genes linked by 866 potential functional associations for breast cancer [21].
While for most housekeeping genes decay rates are relatively constant, in some cases decay rates are regulated by proteins that bind to mRNA, with functional implications, for example in regulation of immunity [19].
In addition, drug agencies have to prolong patient observation beyond therapeutic response and to analyze the immune response with functional markers, for example, after vaccination [ 17].
