Each participant practiced three example trials in order to get familiar with the procedure.
When seeds were drilled deeper in the example trial shown in the table below, yield was always less at equivalent sowing densities.
In addition, we have added a figure showing a few example vacillation trials in which the two areas exhibited the same vacillation (and one trial where they did not).
Conflicts could especially appear in relation to data transparency for multiregional trials, for example, trials with recruiting centres in the EU and the United States, where these trials would be relevant for licensing in both regions.
For example, in clinical trials in the nursing field, Polit and Gillespie (2009) found that for 10.5% of studies, researchers who stated they had used an ITT approach had actually conducted per protocol analyses.
For example, in the trials in which the first interval contained the orthographically projected plw and the second interval contained a looming plw, observers had to indicate the second interval, but when the second interval contained a receding plw they had to indicate the first interval.
One of us (YY) presented, domain by domain, each type of methodological problem and proposed adjustments, with detailed examples from the trials in the sample.
For example, unlike most clinical trials in the social sciences where the experimenter has almost complete control over the behavior of participating subjects, MOOC instructors have little to no control over the subjects.
For example, two similar controlled trials in the United Kingdom and the United States failed to detect any impact of using computerised decision support to implement evidence based clinical guidelines for the management of asthma and angina in adults in primary care.
If results for every cutpoint from the 100 trials in the example were reported, the results, as pictured in Figure 3, would be unbiased.
