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The evaluation of high frequency characteristics of MR fluids is necessary in many smart structure applications, for example, noise reduction and shock wave attenuation.
For example, the semantic relationship between different values of the same attribute, for example, noise level in the particular areas of the city, increases the inter-dimensional complexity.
In this example, noise variances θ 2 and θ 3 are unknown and must be estimated, which is not a typical task.
At last, some information will be assumed as unnecessary for the considered application and should not be transmitted in order to save energy, as for example noise and pressure in fire detection systems.
If Member States were to introduce fiscal measures to address, for example, noise or adverse health effects, such measures could be regarded as discriminatory against the technologies which ACEA had chosen to promote[98].
Figure 1 shows example noise spectra derived for the nominal ASM FM1A (FM for flight model), ASM FM2A, and ASM FM3A instruments on respectively Swarm Alpha, Bravo, and Charlie satellites over an acquisition period of 5 s.
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However, one faces multiple challenges when analyzing clinical gene expression data; most of the well-known theoretical issues such as high dimension of feature spaces versus few examples, noise and missing data apply.
Overall, such clinical classification tasks can be considered to be among the hardest; most of the well-known theoretical issues such as high-dimensional feature spaces, few examples, noise and missing data apply [Kaminski and Bar-Joseph, 2007; Lottaz et al., 2008; see Hastie et al. (2001) for a general treatment].
For example, Gaussian noise, Shot noise and Uniform noise separately follow a Gaussian, Poisson, Fat-tail and Uniform distribution.
Other physical sources of entropy are too sensitive to external influences and lack robustness, for example, thermal noise or electrical noise in diodes and resistors.
The noises from a vibrating structure in motion are often encountered in engineering practice, for example, tire noise and pass-by noise of moving vehicles.
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