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Exact(23)
On the other hand, probabilistic methods [2 4, 23, 24] take into account uncertainty of the measurements, so given the probability density function (pdf) of, for example, measured distance and prior pdf of positions of all unknown nodes, they estimate posterior pdf of positions of all unknown nodes.
Wyoming, for example, measured one of the steepest declines in its abortion rate - a decrease of more than 73% since 1996.
In a recent study released by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Dafna Avraham, Patricia Selvaggi and James Vickery found that legal and organizational complexity – for example, measured by total number of corporations within a single global financial institution (think Citigroup or JPMorgan Chase) – has increased greatly in recent years.
For example, measured Ca concentrations in the groundwater during ATES operation ranged between 100 and 150 mg/l (ibid).
In the U.S., for example, measured happiness has not increased significantly since at least 1947, despite massive increases in wealth and income.
For example, measured data indicate that metals in the Blackstone River, MA, have partition coefficients varying from 0.1 to 1.0 l/mg (Ji et al., [2002]).
Similar(37)
Others involve direct work with patients, for example, measuring the function of a particular organ.
The new test, for example, measures a key breakdown product, phenyl acetate, which is excreted in the urine.
Popular Photography and Imaging, for example, measures each camera's shutter lag -- the delay between button-pressing and picture-taking.
The "rule of law", for example, measures how secure an investor feels about his property.
In education, to take an illustrative example, measuring inputs -- classrooms, teachers -- is secondary to measuring the product -- ability to read and write and compute at an appropriate level.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com