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Some parameters cannot be estimated using certain study designs, for example, incidence of disease using a cross-sectional design.
For example, incidence and symptoms of depression may increase as a consequence of public discourse about depression (Ryder et al., 2008; see also Murphy, 2006).
An increase in incidence also occurred in other developed countries; for example, incidence increased across Europe since the 1960s [ 3].
For example, incidence rate ratios between the lowest and the highest SES group effectively ignore information on the in-between groups.
For example, incidence of substance abuse and alcohol abuse were found to be lower in adults who were parentally bereaved during childhood [ 44].
Today, new information on HIV incidence, for example, incidence assays based on biomarkers, and HIV mortality, for example, vital registration data in Latin America have become available.
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For example, incidences of 1.5 5.4% were reported on GI perforations induced by treatment with the humanized monoclonal VEGF-antibody bevacizumab [ 4, 5].
Incidence rates are also comparable; for example, the incidence rate among men aged 65 69 years is 603 in the cohort and 595 per 100 000 men in entire Sweden (NBHW, 2000).
For example, the incidence in Osaka (61.8) is 5.9 times higher than the incidence in Nagano (10.4), and the incidence in Tokyo (34.7) is 3.3 times higher than in Nagano.
For example, the incidence of opportunistic pneumoniashas declined dramatically, whereas the incidence of bacterial pneumonia has not decreased proportionately.
Incidence rates in 1998 per 100 000 men are also comparable: for example, the incidence rate among men aged 65 69 years is 603 in our cohort and 595 in the entire Sweden (NBHW, 2000; Orsini et al, 2009).
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