For example, in tissue #8, two large regions within the same FFPE tissue section showed very different levels of HER2 expression, whereas ER and Ki-67 levels were similar between the same two regions (Fig. 2d, e).
The ability to control the behavior of stem cells provides crucial benefits, for example, in tissue engineering and toxicity/drug screening, which utilize the stem cell's capacity to engineer new tissues for regenerative purposes and the testing of new drugs in vitro.
These data suggest that inhibition of Src activity could be a valid strategy to maintain or induce the chondrocyte phenotype, for example in tissue engineering approaches to in vitro cartilage formation or in the prevention of cartilage loss in OA patients.
The animal connective tissue cells called fibroblasts, for example, kept in tissue culture so that they are well provided with food, and waste products removed, continue to grow vigorously for indefinite periods of time.
Various PCR protocols for the specific detection of certain invasively growing fungi with human pathogenic potential, for example, Mucorales, in tissue have been introduced [ 9– 15].
However, agglomeration and immobilization of CNTs within tissue have been observed, for example, in lung tissue.
Third, duplicate genes may partition the original gene function (subfunctionalization), with one copy active, for example, in one tissue and the other copy active in another tissue [ 25, 27- 31].
It is doubtful that autolysis plays a part in the initiation and execution of the senescence program in angiosperms [ 110] but it may be critical in the terminal phase of tissue development when senescence is ending – for example in vascular tissue where the cells are dead at maturity [ 111, 112] or as a cauterisation measure in senescent mesophyll [ 106, 110].
Lastly, the biomaterial must have mechanical properties that match or closely resemble those of the natural tissue so that issues such as compliance mismatch, a common problem, for example, in vascular tissue engineering, are reduced [ 36, 48].
For example, in skin tissue regeneration, Park and Min et al. had demonstrated through type I collagen nanofiber [54] and surface modification of silk fibroin (SF) nanofibers with oxygen gas to increase surface hydrophilicity [55], they were able to promote the cellular activity of human dermal keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
For example in vascular tissue engineering, starting from an unique peripherical blood sample cultivated on PEM and with the same culture media, but in normoxic or in hypoxic conditions either mature ECs (21% O2) or contractile SMCs (5% O2) can be obtained in less than one month.
