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The activity of BRAFV600E was confirmed by examining the activation of ERK1/2 using an antibody against phosphorylated ERK1/2 (Figure 2A).
Furthermore, a similar phenomenon was observed when examining the activation of B1-8 primary B cells expressing memory IgG-BCRs that were derived from an in vitro class-switch response following our published protocol (Liu et al., 2010b).
The aim of this study was first to determine the toxicity of norartocarpetin in vitro and in vivo model and then to define the pathway by which norartocarpetin inhibits the melanogenesis signaling cascade by examining the activation of MITF transcription regulators (p-CREB, MITF, TYR, TRP-1, and TRP-2) and phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways (p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38).
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Indeed, our study is limited as we have not examined the activation of stress-activated protein kinase/jun N-terminal kinase by IL-1, TNF-α or APS.
To confirm our hypothesis that SIRT1 promotes cell proliferation by activating some kinase signaling, we examined the activation of ERK, AKT and p70 S6K1 in different batches of transformations.
To further determine whether the dimerization of Fu is sufficient to activate the Hh pathway, we examined the activation of the Hh pathway by dimerized Fu in vivo.
To determine whether MAPK kinase signaling pathway was activated after liver transplantation, we examined the activation of JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK.
To determine the mechanisms underlying the aberrant response of cells expressing the K762R/G-CSFR mutant to G-CSF, we next examined the activation of Stat5 and Stat3 in these cells, pathways known to be activated by G-CSF.
Recently, two studies have used single-cell methods to examine the activation of dormant neuron stem cells after injury.
Western blotting of cell lysates with anti-phosphated-Smad2/3 and anti-total Smad2/3 antibodies was performed to examine the activation of TGF-β pathway.
In this manuscript, we examine the activation of these composites by performing analytical, numerical, and experimental studies of the temperature distribution, thermal history, and phase transition.
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