There is some debate in the literature regarding the usefulness of exact magnitudes of willingness to pay estimates from DCE analysis [ 20, 21].
Although the differentiation between transient and chronic tic disorders has proven its clinical usefulness, the exact time criteria, i.e., tics are present shorter or longer than 1 year as well as the maximum 3-month tic-free interval given for chronic tic disorders, have never been supported by valid data such as a longitudinal study on tics in an epidemiological sample.
The usefulness of such a VPG will then depend on how accurate it is compared to the exact ensemble average PG results.
The Fisher's Exact Test (FET) was performed upon the categorical data associated with the perceived usefulness of the booklet in managing sexual changes and communication about sexual changes across the SH and HP intervention conditions.
Then the exact penalty function approach presented here to the linear bilevel multiobjective programming problem shows usefulness and viability.
However, further studies are needed to define the exact involvement of peptidases in the pathobiology of these tumours and their possible clinical usefulness.
Despite more than 10 years of research into the usefulness of procalcitonin therapy, Hausfater is right to point out that 'its exact place in the diagnostic process remains to be defined' [ 2].
However, the exact number of critical residues for a given protein is not commonly known, thus limiting the usefulness of these approaches.
To show the usefulness of the DNA methylation data simulator, a benchmark is performed using several, commonly used and available packages for differential methylation analysis (described in detail in the Supplementary Information), including BSmooth (Hansen et al., 2012), Methylseq (Li et al., 2013), MethylKit (Akalin et al., 2012) and the Fisher exact test.
