The increased cardiac work and tachycardia may increases the sensations of breathlessness and make the perception of exacerbation more likely [ 15- 17].
These findings have increased the understanding of patient's perception of exacerbations and predisposal factors of poor self-management.
For example, in the Perception of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PERCEIVE) survey, 89% of patients reported at least one episode of 'flare-up' of symptoms during the preceding year [ 7].
For instance, the large multinational PERCEIVE (Perception of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) study conducted telephone interviews with >1000 patients, and found that, besides shortness of breath (78%), COPD patients most frequently complained about their inability to complete the activities they enjoy because of their illness [ 9].
Therefore, the primary objectives of this study are to investigate the differences between patients with COPD and resident loved ones' perceptions of patients' health status and problematic ADLs and to study prospectively the effects of a COPD exacerbation on resident loved ones' perceptions of patients' health status and problematic ADLs.
1.2 To study prospectively the effects of a COPD exacerbation on resident loved ones' perceptions of patients' health status and problematic ADLs.
3.1 To study prospectively the effects of a COPD exacerbation on resident loved ones' perceptions of patients' mood status, care dependency and daily symptoms.
The histological assessment of the organs demonstrated only random alterations (accompanied by only sporadic apoptosis) further reinforcing the perception that the recorded exacerbation in circulating markers in P-DIE (vs. P-SUR), although statistically significant, was not immediately indicative of a lethal organ failure in the young OF-1 mice.
Perceptions and beliefs about exacerbation of symptoms of a chronic disease such as asthma, in the absence of physiological evidence, have been found to be a barrier to participation in physical activity for some children and young people [ 15].
The study aim is two-fold; firstly to prospectively explore acceptance and uptake of post-exacerbation PR and secondly to identify possible clusters of patients' illness perceptions following hospitalisation for an exacerbation of COPD.
