Exact(3)
This is because ex ante decisions can affect the initial conditions for the ex post system, thereby determining the ex post basin of attraction and the optimal ex post state.
We expect the ex post decisions over decertification to be more strongly associated with incentive and capacity than the ex ante decisions about initial certification, because decertification decisions are likely based on known information in contrast to projections and managerial hubris.
As a result, providing leadership had become a delicate balancing act, which did not lend itself to ex ante decisions of principle.
Similar(57)
Theoretical studies posit that greater information asymmetry leads to the allocation of stronger ex ante decision rights to the lender (the uninformed party).
Stated preference experiments are introduced and applied to an investigation of the influence of road transport and other factors on industrial location in terms of the ex ante decision making process.
Climate change mitigation was only mentioned as a positive 'side effect' of the development in Feldheim that did not significantly influence the ex-ante decision making of any of the involved actors.
MAMCA is suitable for assessing transportation projects, infrastructure, policy measures, technologies, long term strategic options etc. [40] and is particularly useful during an ex-ante decision-making evaluation process [52].
Integrated Assessment and Modelling (IAM) provides an interdisciplinary approach to support ex-ante decision-making by combining quantitative models representing different systems and scales into a framework for integrated assessment.
Auditors who can evaluate and criticize policy proposals ex ante to policy decisions, significantly reduce the general tax burden and public expenditures.
What matters are the expectations of individuals who decided to enter teaching at the time they made those decisions (ex ante).
At one extreme is the ex ante stage where no decision has been made yet.
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